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Unsafe driving exercise when a driver follows some other likewise closely

This commodity is nearly driving besides close. For other uses, see Tailgate.

A typical example of tailgating. The first car is being followed very closely by another.

Tailgating is the action of a driver driving backside another vehicle while not leaving sufficient distance to stop without causing a collision if the vehicle in front stops suddenly.^[1]

The safe distance for following some other vehicle varies depending on various factors including vehicle speed, weather, visibility and other route conditions. Some jurisdictions may require a minimal gap of a specified altitude or fourth dimension interval. When following heavy vehicles or in less than ideal atmospheric condition (e.g. depression light or rain), a longer distance is recommended.

Causes [edit]

At that place tin be several reasons for tailgating.

Preventing cutting ins [edit]

Tailgating tin occur when a vehicle attempts to prevent another vehicle on the right or left from cut in front of them. The tailgating (or preventing) vehicle volition drive equally close as possible to another leading vehicle to prevent the side vehicle from cut in. Similar all forms, this practice of tailgating is illegal and attempts to force the side vehicle to slow down and get into the line of traffic behind the tailgating vehicle. This practice is very likely to evoke route rage where one vehicle is blocking and another attempts to defy the block.^{[ commendation needed ]}

Negligence [edit]

Tailgating tin occur because of a lack of perceived hazard in then doing. Thus, information technology is washed unconsciously or negligently, very often past people who consider themselves safe drivers and generally obey some other rules of the road. Evidence shows that more experienced drivers are more than likely to exist involved in rear-end collisions, possibly considering they overestimate their skill and become complacent about assuasive sufficient distance to avoid an accident.^[2]

Coercion [edit]

In its most uncivil form, it can be a instance of road rage and/or intimidation. An example would exist where the tailgating driver (the driver in the following vehicle) threatens damage to the leading vehicle and its occupants by driving aggressively — perhaps also with employ of headlights and horn — to coerce the leading vehicle'southward driver into getting out of the manner. The driver being tailgated might not wish to comply, especially if doing and then would involve breaking the law, such every bit past increasing speed beyond the speed limit or changing lanes without due regard for safety.^{[ citation needed ]}

Aerodynamics [edit]

A class of deliberate tailgating known as slipstreaming, "draft-assisted forced stop", or "typhoon-assisted forced auto stop" (D-FAS) is a technique used by some hypermilers to attain greater fuel economy. D-FAS involves turning off the engine and gliding in neutral while tailgating a larger vehicle in order to take advantage of the reduced wind resistance in its immediate wake.^[3] Notation that this do is extremely dangerous: while tailgating itself is inherently risky, the danger of collision is increased with D-FAS as power for power brakes tin can exist lost later on a few applications of the brake pedal and, with older cars, the pressure level that causes power steering to function can be lost as well.^[4]

Trailing and columns [edit]

Another instance whereby the practice of driving on a route very close to a forwards vehicle or at a close distance may occur is during an occasion whereby the drivers of the 2 cars are acquainted to one another. This may be due to it being a procession of motor vehicles, typically carrying or escorting a prominent person that wants to avoid interlopers. Another instance may occur where the leading vehicle is showing directions to the trailing vehicle and the trailing vehicle attempts to avoid assuasive an interloping vehicle to come in betwixt them.^[5] Some other sphere wherein tailgating has been observed is among drivers who are in a bustle, or other public route activity whose prerequisite is urgency or agitation.^[6]

Hazards of tailgating [edit]

Tailgating tin be dangerous to the tailgater, specially if they are driving closely behind a large vehicle (such equally a tractor-trailer, or gas tanker). By tailgating, the commuter has a shorter distance to terminate, decreases the margin of error and blocks the awareness of surroundings.

If the leading vehicle decelerates suddenly (such every bit when encountering a traffic jam, traffic lights, avoiding pedestrians, etc.), the tailgater has a loftier risk of causing a rear-end standoff, for which in insurance terms, he would always be held responsible. In many jurisdictions, a two second gap is recommended between any two successive moving vehicles, characterised in Britain by the slogan, "but a fool breaks the 2 2d rule".

Prevention [edit]

Anti-tailgating signage and pavement markings in the United Kingdom.

Tailgating causes most rear-end crashes in South Australia.^[vii] Some motorways in the Uk and Australia characteristic certain route markings which can help resolve this problem. Consisting of an organisation of chevrons, these remind the driver not to tailgate, and assist in the two second dominion.^[eight] There is also signage in Great britain on smart motorways when they are very congested, to say "stay in lane : congestion". This is to remind motorists that there is, in these conditions, no longer an overtaking lane, only a number of lanes, some moving faster than others at different points in time (undertaking by inner lanes being entirely permissible in this circumstance). Those in the outermost lanes should maintain a two second gap to the vehicle in forepart; as long every bit they do this, it is officially discouraged to change lanes. Public goods vehicle licence preparation in Britain states that lorries should increase the two second gap to the vehicle in front to 3 seconds when being tailgated to ensure that emergency braking tin can be a little gentler, to compensate for the tailgating vehicle backside having eaten upward its ain reaction time to almost cypher.

In Germany, tailgating is punishable with a fine of up to €400. In example of gross negligence, one or more penalty points are given and the driver's license may additionally be immediately suspended for up to 3 months.^[ix]

References [edit]

1. ^ "What is tailgating and why is it dangerous". 2014-03-20.
2. ^ rms.nsw.gov.au
3. ^ motherjones.com Archived 2007-01-10 at the Wayback Car
4. ^ motherjones.com, King of the hypermilers-2 Archived 2007-01-09 at the Wayback Machine
5. ^ McManus, John (2008). Tactical Emergency Medicine. p. 223.
6. ^ Hennessy, Dwight (2005). Contemporary Issues in Road User Beliefs and Traffic Safety. p. 74.
7. ^ transport.sa.gov.au - Tailgating entrada
8. ^ au.news.yahoo.com
9. ^ "Abstand und Abstandsvergehen" [Distance and Distance Offense] (in German). 2015. Retrieved four February 2015.

External links [edit]

• Tailgating Information (Government of S Commonwealth of australia)
• TRAFFIC AND CRIMES Subpoena (MENACING AND PREDATORY DRIVING) Nib (New South Wales parliament Hansard transcript where tailgating is noted as being an offense under the new legislation).
• Tailgating Information (Wisconsin Section of Transportation)
• "Two Dots to Prophylactic" campaign (operating in the United Kingdom and Europe, only also in Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Maryland, and Washington land)
• Police Force safety advice (Singapore)
• Report on an anti-tailgating operation (by the Hong Kong law)

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tailgating

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